The fourth edition of this widely recognized text has been thoroughly updated and includes expanded chapters on Antarctica and outer space as well as new chapters on the geography of elections and the geography of war and peace. Also new to this edition is a chapter devoted to outlaws and merchants of death which covers piracy, drug trafficking, the arms trade, and terrorism. Other additions include coverage of international economic sanctions, transnational corporations, refugees, and pollution across international boundaries. The last chapter contains a number of new suggested topics for further study. Vastly expanded sections of references after each chapter constitute the largest bibliography of political geography available. The text also contains 32 new photographs and numerous charts and graphs.