Chapter 1 Introduction to the Internet and World Wide Web 1 1.1 The Internet and the Web 1 The Internet 2 Birth of the Internet 2 Growth of the Internet 2 Birth of the Web 2 The First Graphical Browser 2 Convergence of Technologies 3 Who Runs the Internet? 3 Intranets and Extranets 4 1.2 Web Standards and Accessibility 4 W3C Recommendations 4 Web Standards and Accessibility 5 Accessibility and the Law 5 Universal Design for the Web 5 1.3 Information on the Web 6 Reliability and Information on the Web 6 Ethical Use of Information on the Web 7 1.4 Network Overview 8 1.5 The Client/Server Model 9 1.6 Internet Protocols 10 File Transfer Protocol (FTP) 10 E-mail Protocols 11 Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) 11 Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) 11 1.7 Uniform Resource Identifiers and Domain Names 13 URIs and URLs 13 Domain Names 13 1.

8 Markup Languages 15 Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) 15 Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) 16 Extensible Markup Language (XML) 16 Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML) 16 HTML5-the Newest Version of HTML 16 1.9 Popular Uses of the Web 17 E-Commerce 17 Mobile Access 17 Blogs 17 Wikis 18 Social Networking 18 Cloud Computing 18 RSS 18 Podcasts 19 Web 2.0 19 Chapter Summary 20 Key Terms 20 Review Questions 20 Hands-On Exercise 21 Web Research 22 Focus on Web Design 23 Chapter 2 HTML Basics 25 2.1 HTML Overview 26 HTML 26 XML 26 XHTML 26 HTML5 27 2.2 Document Type Definition 27 2.3 Web Page Template 28 2.4 HTML Element 28 2.5 Head, Title, Meta, and Body Elements 28 The Head Section 28 The Body Section 29 2.

6 Your First Web Page 29 2.7 Heading Element 33 Accessibility and Headings 35 2.8 Paragraph Element 35 Alignment 36 2.9 Line Break Element 37 2.10 Blockquote Element 38 2.11 Phrase Elements 39 2.12 Ordered List 40 The Type, Start, and Reversed Attributes 41 2.13 Unordered List 42 2.

14 Description List 44 2.15 Special Characters 46 2.16 Structural Elements 47 The Div Element 47 HTML5 Structural Elements 48 The Header Element 48 The Nav Element 48 The Main Element 48 The Footer Element 48 2.17 Anchor Element 50 Absolute Hyperlinks 51 Relative Hyperlinks 52 Site Map 52 E-Mail Hyperlinks 55 Accessibility and Hyperlinks 57 Block Anchor 57 2.18 HTML Validation 58 Chapter Summary 61 Key Terms 61 Review Questions 62 Apply Your Knowledge 63 Hands-On Exercises 64 Web Research 65 Focus on Web Design 65 Website Case Study 65 Chapter 3 Configuring Color and Text with CSS 81 3.1 Overview of Cascading Style Sheets 82 Advantages of Cascading Style Sheets 82 Configuring Cascading Style Sheets 83 CSS Selectors and Declarations 83 The background-color Property 83 The color Property 84 Configure Background and Text Color 84 3.2 Using Color on Web Pages 85 Hexadecimal Color Values 86 Web-Safe Colors 86 CSS Color Syntax 86 3.3 Inline CSS with the Style Attribute 87 The Style Attribute 87 3.

4 Embedded CSS with the Style Element 89 Style Element 89 3.5 Configuring Text with CSS 92 The Property 92 More CSS Font Properties 94 CSS3 text-shadow Property 96 3.6 CSS Class, id, and Descendant Selectors 99 The Class Selector 99 The id Selector 100 The Descendant Selector 102 3.7 Span Element 102 3.8 Using External Style Sheets 104 Link Element 104 3.9 Center HTML Elements with CSS 109 3.10 The "Cascade" 110 3.11 CSS Validation 113 Chapter Summary 116 Key Terms 116 Review Questions 116 Apply Your Knowledge 117 Hands-On Exercises 119 Web Research 121 Focus on Web Design 121 Website Case Study 122 Chapter 4 Visual Elements and Graphics 133 4.

1 Configuring Lines and Borders 134 The Horizontal Rule Element 134 The border and padding Properties 134 4.2 Types of Graphics 140 Graphic Interchange Format (GIF) Images 140 Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) Images 141 Portable Network Graphic (PNG) Images 142 New WebP Image Format 142 4.3 Image Element 143 Accessibility and Images 144 Image Hyperlinks 144 Optimize an Image for the Web 147 4.4 HTML5 Visual Elements 148 HTML5 Figure Element 148 HTML5 Figcaption Element 149 HTML5 Meter Element 150 HTML5 Progress Element 151 4.5 Background Images 151 The background-image Property 151 Browser Display of a Background Image 152 The background-repeat Property 153 The background-position Property 153 The background-attachment Property 155 4.6 More About Images 156 Image Maps 156 The Favorites Icon 158 Configuring a Favorites Icon 158 Image Slicing 159 CSS Sprites 159 4.7 Sources and Guidelines for Graphics 160 Sources of Graphics 160 Guidelines for Using Images 161 Accessibility and Visual Elements 162 4.8 CSS3 Visual Effects 162 The CSS3 background-clip Property 163 The CSS3 background-origin Property 163 The CSS3 background-size Property 164 CSS3 Multiple Background Images 165 CSS3 Rounded Corners 167 The CSS3 box-shadow Property 169 The CSS3 opacity Property 171 CSS3 RGBA Color 173 CSS3 HSLA Color 175 Hue, Saturation, Lightness, and Alpha 176 HSLA Color Examples 176 CSS3 Gradients 178 W3C Linear Gradient Syntax 178 CSS3 Gradients and Progressive Enhancement 178 Configuring CSS3 Gradients 178 Chapter Summary 180 Key Terms 180 Review Questions 180 Apply Your Knowledge 181 Hands-On Exercises 183 Web Research 184 Focus on Web Design 184 Website Case Study 185 Chapter 5 Web Design 199 5.

1 Design for Your Target Audience 200 5.2 Website Organization 201 Hierarchical Organization 201 Linear Organization 202 Random Organization 202 5.3 Principles of Visual Design 203 Repetition: Repeat Visual Components Throughout the Design 203 Contrast: Add Visual Excitement and Draw Attention 203 Proximity: Group Related Items 204 Alignment: Align Elements to Create Visual Unity 204 5.4 Design to Provide Accessibility 204 Who Benefits from Universal Design and Increased Accessibility? 205 Accessible Design Can Benefit Search Engine Listing 205 Accessibility is the Right Thing to Do 205 5.5 Writing for the Web 206 Organize Your Content 206 Choosing a Font 207 Font Size 207 Chapter Summary 231 Key Terms 231 Review Questions 231 Hands-On Exercises 232 Web Research 234 Focus on Web Design 235 Website Case Study 236 Chapter 6 Page Layout 239 6.1 The Box Model 240 Content 240 Padding 240 Border 240 Margin 240 The Box Model in Action 242 6.2 Normal Flow 242 6.3 CSS Float 244 6.

4 CSS: Clearing a Float 246 The clear Property 246 The overflow Property 247 6.5 CSS Two-Column Page Layout 249 Two Columns with Left Navigation 249 Two Columns with Top Header and Left Navigation 250 6.6 Hyperlinks in an Unordered List 251 Configure List Markers with CSS 251 Vertical Navigation with an Unordered List 253 Horizontal Navigation with an Unordered List 254 6.7 CSS Interactivity with Pseudo- Classes 254 6.8 Practice with CSS Two-Column Layout 257 6.9 Header Text Image Replacement 260 Improved Header Text Image Replacement Technique 260 6.10 Practice with an Image Gallery 262 6.11 Positioning with CSS 264 Static Positioning 264 Fixed Positioning 265 Relative Positioning 265 Absolute Positioning 266 6.

12 CSS Debugging Techniques 268 6.13 More HTML5 Structural Elements 270 The Section Element 270 Font Weight 207 Font Color Contrast 207 Line Length 208 Alignment 208 Text in Hyperlinks 208 Reading Level 208 Spelling and Grammar 208 5.6 Use of Color 208 Color Scheme Based on an Image 208 Color Wheel 209 Color Scheme Based on the Color Wheel 209 Implementing a Color Scheme 210 Accessibility and Color 211 Colors and Your Target Audience 211<.