Contributors Preface Acknowledgments SECTION 1 Care of the Hospitalized Patient 1 Electrolytes 2 Acid-Base Disorders 3 Diagnostic Imaging in Internal Medicine 4 Procedures Commonly Performed by Internists 5 Principles of Critical Care Medicine 6 Pain and Its Management 7 Assessment of Nutritional Status 8 Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition 9 Transfusion and Pheresis Therapy 10 Palliative and End-of-Life Care SECTION 2 Medical Emergencies 11 Cardiovascular Collapse and Sudden Death 12 Shock 13 Narcotic Overdose 14 Sepsis and Septic Shock 15 Acute Pulmonary Edema 16 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome 17 Respiratory Failure 18 Confusion, Stupor, and Coma 19 Stroke 20 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage 21 Increased Intracranial Pressure and Head Trauma 22 Spinal Cord Compression 23 Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy 24 Status Epilepticus 25 Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar Coma 26 Hypoglycemia 27 Oncologic Emergencies 28 Anaphylaxis 29 Bites, Venoms, Stings, and Marine Poisonings SECTION 3 Common Patient Presentations 30 Fever, Hyperthermia, and Rash 31 Generalized Fatigue 32 Unintentional Weight Loss 33 Chest Pain 34 Palpitations 35 Dyspnea 36 Cyanosis 37 Cough and Hemoptysis 38 Edema 39 Abdominal Pain 40 Nausea, Vomiting, and Indigestion 41 Dysphagia 42 Diarrhea, Malabsorption, and Constipation 43 Gastrointestinal Bleeding 44 Jaundice and Evaluation of Liver Function 45 Ascites 46 Lymphadenopathy and Splenomegaly 47 Anemia and Polycythemia 48 Azotemia and Urinary Abnormalities 49 Pain and Swelling of Joints 50 Back and Neck Pain 51 Headache 52 Syncope 53 Dizziness and Vertigo 54 Acute Visual Loss and Double Vision 55 Weakness and Paralysis 56 Tremor and Movement Disorders 57 Aphasia 58 Sleep Disorders SECTION 4 Otolaryngology 59 Sore Throat, Earache, and Upper Respiratory Symptoms SECTION 5 Dermatology 60 General Examination of the Skin 61 Common Skin Conditions SECTION 6 Hematology and Oncology 62 Examination of Blood Smears and Bone Marrow 63 Red Blood Cell Disorders 64 Leukocytosis and Leukopenia 65 Bleeding and Thrombotic Disorders 66 Myeloid Leukemias, Myelodysplasia, and Myeloproliferative Syndromes 67 Lymphoid Malignancies 68 Skin Cancer 69 Head and Neck Cancer 70 Lung Cancer 71 Breast Cancer 72 Tumors of the Gastrointestinal Tract 73 Genitourinary Tract Cancer 74 Gynecologic Cancer 75 Tumors of the Nervous System 76 Prostate Hyperplasia and Carcinoma 77 Cancer of Unknown Primary Site 78 Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes 79 Neurologic Paraneoplastic Syndromes SECTION 7 Infectious Diseases 80 Growing Threats in Infectious Disease 81 Infections Acquired in Health Care Facilities 82 Infections in the Immunocompromised Host 83 Infective Endocarditis 84 Intraabdominal Infections 85 Infectious Diarrheas and Bacterial Food Poisoning 86 Sexually Transmitted and Reproductive Tract Infections 87 Infections of the Skin, Soft Tissues, Joints, and Bones 88 Pneumococcal Infections 89 Staphylococcal Infections 90 Streptococcal/Enterococcal Infections, Diphtheria, and Infections Caused by Other Corynebacteria and Related Species 91 Meningococcal and Listerial Infections 92 Infections Caused by Haemophilus, Bordetella, Moraxella, and HACEK Group Organisms 93 Diseases Caused by Gram-Negative Enteric Bacteria and Pseudomonads 94 Infections Caused by Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli 95 Anaerobic Infections 96 Nocardiosis, Actinomycosis, and Whipple''s Disease 97 Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Infections 98 Lyme Disease and Other Nonsyphilitic Spirochetal Infections 99 Rickettsial Diseases 100 Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Legionella Species, and Chlamydia pneumoniae 101 Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydia psittaci 102 Infections with Herpes Simplex Virus, Varicella-Zoster Virus, Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr Virus, and Human Herpesvirus Types 6, 7, and 8 103 Influenza and Other Viral Respiratory Diseases 104 Rubeola, Rubella, Mumps, and Parvovirus Infections 105 Enterovirus Infections 106 Insect- and Animal-Borne Viral Infections 107 HIV Infection and AIDS 108 Pneumocystis Pneumonia, Candidiasis, and Other Fungal Infections 109 Overview of Parasitic Infections 110 Malaria, Toxoplasmosis, Babesiosis, and Other Protozoal Infections 111 Helminthic Infections and Ectoparasite Infestations SECTION 8 Cardiology 112 Physical Examination of the Heart 113 Electrocardiography 114 Noninvasive Examination of the Heart 115 Congenital Heart Disease in the Adult 116 Valvular Heart Disease 117 Cardiomyopathies and Myocarditis 118 Pericardial Disease 119 Hypertension 120 Metabolic Syndrome 121 ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction 122 Unstable Angina and Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction 123 Chronic Stable Angina 124 Bradyarrhythmias 125 Tachyarrhythmias 126 Heart Failure and Cor Pulmonale 127 Diseases of the Aorta 128 Peripheral Vascular Disease 129 Pulmonary Hypertension SECTION 9 Pulmonology 130 Diagnostic Procedures in Respiratory Disease 131 Asthma 132 Environmental Lung Diseases 133 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 134 Pneumonia, Bronchiectasis, and Lung Abscess 135 Pulmonary Thromboembolism and Deep-Vein Thrombosis 136 Interstitial Lung Disease 137 Diseases of the Pleura 138 Diseases of the Mediastinum 139 Disorders of Ventilation 140 Sleep Apnea SECTION 10 Nephrology 141 Acute Renal Failure 142 Chronic Kidney Disease and Uremia 143 Dialysis 144 Renal Transplantation 145 Glomerular Diseases 146 Renal Tubular Disease 147 Dysuria, Urinary Tract Infections, Bladder Pain, and Interstitial Cystitis 148 Nephrolithiasis 149 Urinary Tract Obstruction SECTION 11 Gastroenterology 150 Peptic Ulcer and Related Disorders 151 Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 152 Colonic and Anorectal Diseases 153 Cholelithiasis, Cholecystitis, and Cholangitis 154 Pancreatitis 155 Acute Hepatitis 156 Chronic Hepatitis 157 Cirrhosis and Alcoholic Liver Disease 158 Portal Hypertension SECTION 12 Allergy, Clinical Immunology, and Rheumatology 159 Diseases of Immediate-Type Hypersensitivity 160 Primary Immune Deficiency Diseases 161 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 162 Rheumatoid Arthritis 163 The Spondyloarthritides 164 Other Connective Tissue Diseases 165 Vasculitis 166 Osteoarthritis 167 Gout, Pseudogout, and Related Diseases 168 Other Musculoskeletal Disorders 169 Sarcoidosis 170 Amyloidosis SECTION 13 Endocrinology and Metabolism 171 Disorders of the Anterior Pituitary and Hypothalamus 172 Diabetes Insipidus and Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone 173 Thyroid Gland Disorders 174 Adrenal Gland Disorders 175 Obesity 176 Diabetes Mellitus 177 Disorders of the Male Reproductive System 178 Disorders of the Female Reproductive System 179 Hypercalcemia and Hypocalcemia 180 Osteoporosis and Osteomalacia 181 Hypercholesterolemia and Hypertriglyceridemia 182 Hemochromatosis, Porphyrias, and Wilson''s Disease SECTION 14 Neurology 183 The Neurologic Examination 184 Seizures and Epilepsy 185 Alzheimer''s Disease and Other Dementias 186 Parkinson''s Disease 187 Ataxic Disorders 188 ALS and Other Motor Neuron Diseases 189 Autonomic Nervous System Disorders 190 Trigeminal Neuralgia, Bell''s Palsy, and Other Cranial Nerve Disorders 191 Spinal Cord Diseases 192 Multiple Sclerosis 193 Neuromyelitis Optica 194 Acute Meningitis and Encephalitis 195 Chronic and Recurrent Meningitis 196 Peripheral Neuropathies, Including Guillain-Barré Syndrome 197 Myasthenia Gravis 198 Muscle Diseases SECTION 15 Psychiatry and Substance Abuse 199 Psychiatric Disorders 200 Psychiatric Medications 201 Eating Disorders 202 Alcohol Use Disorder 203 Narcotic Abuse 204 Cocaine and Other Commonly Used Drugs SECTION 16 Disease Prevention and Health Maintenance 205 Routine Disease Screening 206 Vaccines 207 Cardiovascular Disease Prevention 208 Prevention and Early Detection of Cancer 209 Smoking Cessation 210 Women''s Health SECTION 17 Adverse Drug Reactions 211 Adverse Drug Reactions Index.