Preface for Instructors Thematic Contents 1 Reading Developing an Effective Reading Process Step 1 : Prepare Yourself to Read the Selection Step 2: Read the Selection Step 3: Reread the Selection Step 4: Annotate the Selection An Example: Annotating Cherokee Paul McDonald''s "A View from the Bridge" Step 5 : Analyze and Evaluate the Selection The Reading Process in Action: Thomas L. Friedman''s "My Favorite Teacher" About the Photographs and Visual Texts in This Book The Reading-Writing Connection 2 Writing Developing an Effective Writing Process Step 1 : Understand Your Assignment Step 2 : Gather Ideas and Formulate a Thesis Step 3 : Organize and Write Your First Draft Step 4 : Revise Your Essay Step 5 : Edit and Proofread Your Essay A Student Essay in Progress Step 1 : Keith''s Assignment Step 2: Keith''s Ideas Step 3: Keith''s First Draft Step 4: Keith''s Revised Essay Step 5: Keith''s Edited Essay Keith Eldred, Secular Mantras (student essay) 3 Writers on Writing Russell Baker, Discovering the Power of My Words Anne Lamott, Shitty First Drafts Linda S. Flower, Writing for an Audience William Zinsser, Simplicity Susan Orlean, On Voice Stephen King, Reading to Write *Isabel Allende , Writing as an Act of Hope 4 Narration What Is Narration? Narration in Written Texts Using Narration as a Writing Strategy Using Narration across the Disciplines Sample Student Essay Using Narration as a Writing Strategy Laura LaPierre, Why Are You Here? (student essay) Suggestions for Using Narration as a Writing Strategy Malcolm X, Coming to an Awareness of Language * Junot Díaz, The Terror David P. Bardeen, Not Close Enough for Comfort Barry Winston, Stranger Than True * Mindy Kaling, Don''t Peak in High School Writing Suggestions for Narration 5 Description What Is Description? Description in Written Texts Using Description as a Writing Strategy Using Description across the Disciplines 000 Sample Student Essay Using Description as a Writing Strategy Jim Tassé, Trailcheck (student essay) Suggestions for Using Description as a Writing Strategy Jeannette Walls, A Woman on the Street Robert Ramírez, The Barrio * Helen MacDonald, Hiding from Animals Maya Angelou, Sister Flowers *Phyllis Korkki , The Attachment That Still Makes Noise Writing Suggestions for Description 6 Illustration What Is Illustration? Illustration in Written Texts Using Illustration as a Writing Strategy Using Illustration across the Disciplines Sample Student Essay Using Illustration as a Writing Strategy Paula Kersch, Weight Management: More Than a Matter of Good Looks (student essay) Suggestions for Using Illustration as a Writing Strategy Natalie Goldberg, Be Specific * Brent Crane, For a More Creative Brain, Travel Mitch Albom, If You Had One Day with Someone Who''s Gone Deborah Tannen , How to Give Orders Like a Man * Tim Krieder, The Busy Trap Writing Suggestions for Illustration 7 Process Analysis What Is Process Analysis? Process Analysis in Written Texts Using Process Analysis as a Writing Strategy Using Process Analysis across the Disciplines Sample Student Essay Using Process Analysis as a Writing Strategy *William Peterson, Juggling Is Easier Thank You Think (student essay) Suggestions for Using Process Analysis as a Writing Strategy Mortimer Adler, How to Mark a Book * Paul Roberts, How to Say Nothing in 500 Words Michael Pollan, Eating Industrial Meat *Alicia Ault, How Do Spiders Make Their Webs? Nikki Giovanni, Campus Racism 101 Writing Suggestions for Process Analysis 000 8 Comparison and Contrast What Are Comparison and Contrast? Comparison and Contrast in Written Texts 000 Using Comparison and Contrast as a Writing Strategy Using Comparison and Contrast across the Disciplines Sample Student Essay Using Comparison and Contrast as a Writing Strategy Barbara Bowman, Guns and Cameras (student essay) 000 Suggestions for Using Comparison and Contrast as a Writing Strategy Suzanne Britt, Neat People vs. Sloppy People * James Hamblin, Buy Experiences, Not Things Bharati Mukherjee, Two Ways to Belong in America Andrew Vachss, The Difference between "Sick" and "Evil" Bruce Catton, Grant and Lee: A Study in Contrasts Writing Suggestions for Comparison and Contrast 9 Division and Classification What Are Division and Classification? Division and Classification in Written Texts Using Division and Classification as a Writing Strategy Using Division and Classification across the Disciplines Sample Student Essay Using Division and Classification as a Writing Strategy *Katie Angeles, The Forgotten Personality Type (student essay) Suggestions for Using Division and Classification as a Writing Strategy * Deborah Tannen, But What Do You Mean? Rosalind Wiseman, The Queen Bee and Her Court Judith Viorst, The Truth about Lying Martin Luther King Jr., The Ways of Meeting Oppression 000 *Amy Tan , Mother Tongue Writing Suggestions for Division and Classification 10 Definition What Is Definition? Definition in Written Texts Using Definition as a Writing Strategy Using Definition across the Disciplines Sample Student Essay Using Definition as a Writing Strategy Howard Solomon Jr., Best Friends (student essay) 0 Suggestions for Using Definition as a Writing Strategy Jo Goodwin Parker, What Is Poverty? G. Anthony Gorry, Steal This MP3 File: What Is Theft? Deborah M.

Roffman, What Does "Boys Will Be Boys" Really Mean? *Ellen Goodman, The Company Man *Barbara Ehrenreich, The Selfish Side of Gratitude Writing Suggestions for Definition 11 Cause and Effect Analysis What Is Cause and Effect Analysis? Cause and Effect Analysis in Written Texts Using Cause and Effect Analysis as a Writing Strategy Using Cause and Effect Analysis across the Disciplines Sample Student Essay Using Cause and Effect Analysis as a Writing Strategy Kevin Cunningham, Gentrification (student essay) 0 Suggestions for Using Cause and Effect Analysis as a Writing Strategy Jon Katz, How Boys Become Men Andrew Sullivan, iPod World: The End of Society? Michael Jonas, The Downside of Diversity *Anahad O''Connor, Coca-Cola Funds Scientists Who Shift Blame for Obesity Away from Bad Diets *Deborah Cramer , A Bird Whose Life Depends on a Crab Writing Suggestions for Cause and Effect Analysis 12 Argumentation What Is Argumentation? Argument in Written Texts Persuasive and Logical Argument Informational, or Exploratory, Argument Focused Argument Action-Oriented Argument Quiet, or Subtle, Argument Reconciliation Argument Using Argumentation as a Writing Strategy The Classical Appeals Considering Audience Argumentation and Other Rhetorical Strategies Inductive and Deductive Reasoning Using Argumentation across the Disciplines Sample Student Essay Using Argumentation as a Writing Strategy Kate Suarez, Celebrity Obsession: Is It Healthy Behavior? (student essay) Suggestions for Using Argumentation as a Writing Strategy Classic Arguments * Plato, The Allegory of the Cave Thomas Jefferson, The Declaration of Independence Sojourner Truth, Ain''t I a Woman? *Henry David Thoreau, Resistance to Civil Government Jonathan Swift, A Modest Proposal Contemporary Arguments Richard Lederer, The Case for Short Words *Nancy Armour, You Shouldn''t Get a Prize for Showing Up *William Galston, Telling Americans to Vote, Or Else *Roger Cohen, The Organic Fable ARGUMENT CLUSTER Race and Privilege: How to Address A System of Bias? *John Metta , I, Racist.