1. Introduction: Cyber security between socio-technological uncertainty and political fragmentation Part I: Socio-technical transformations and cyber conflict trends 2. Influence operations and other conflict trends 3. A threat to democracies? An overview of theoretical approaches and empirical measurements for studying the effects of disinformation 4. Cultural violence and fragmentation on social media: Interventions and countermeasures by humans and social bots 5. Artificial intelligence and the offence - defense balance in cyber security 6. Quantum computing and classical politics: The ambiguity of advantage in signals intelligence 7. Cyber space in space: Fragmentation, vulnerability, and uncertainty Part II: Political responses in a complex environment 8.

Cyber uncertainties: Observations from cross-national wargames 9. Uncertainty and the study of cyber deterrence: The case of Israel's limited reliance on cyber deterrence 10. Cyber securities and cyber security politics: Understanding different logics of German cyber security policies 11. Battling the bear: Ukraine's approach to national cyber and information security 12. Uncertainty, fragmentation, and international obligations as shaping influences: Cyber security policy development in Albania 13. Big tech's push for norms to tackle uncertainty in cyberspace 14. Disrupting the second oldest profession: The impact of cyber on intelligence 15. Understanding transnational cyber attribution: Moving from 'whodunit' to who did it 16.

Conclusion: The ambiguity of cyber security politics in the context of multidimentional uncertainty.