There were many health problems in Victorian Glasgow. Infectious diseases were common amid slum conditions and poverty. The enlarging city drew immigrants from all over Scotland, from Ireland and from Continental Europe. This book looks at the response of the Jewish community in Glasgow to its health problems and the complex community-based welfare infrastructure it created. There was an emphasis on self-help and enabling the immigrants to become financially independent. The book shows how trachoma came to be perceived as an immigrant disease and how it was used as an issue in the attempt to control Jewish immigration.