The mythical artist, heroic and rebellious, isolated and suffering, is the creation of late-18th-century Romanticism. Throughout the 19th century this powerful myth influenced the way people thought and wrote about artists and, more importantly, the way artists thought about----and depicted----themselves. Covering the period from the French Revolution to World War I, from Romanticism to the avant-garde, this catalogue considers how artists responded to this myth. The focus is on key artists and groups who self-consciously forged distinctive identities: the Nazarenes, Delacroix, Courbet, Manet, Van Gogh, Gauguin, the Nabis, and Schiele. The book includes an introduction, a chronology, and an overview of the myth of the artist in literature, as well as a beautifully illustrated catalogue section arranged according to such themes as Bohemia; Dandy and Fl'neur; Priest, Seer, Martyr, Christ; and Creativity and Sexuality.