Introduction 1 Using Excel for Statistical Analysis .1 About You and About Excel .2 Clearing Up the Terms .3 Making Things Easier .3 The Wrong Box? .4 Wagging the Dog .6 What''s in This Book .6 1 About Variables and Values .
9 Variables and Values .9 Recording Data in Lists .10 Making Use of Lists .11 Scales of Measurement .13 Category Scales .13 Numeric Scales .15 Telling an Interval Value from a Text Value .16 Charting Numeric Variables in Excel .
18 Charting Two Variables .18 Understanding Frequency Distributions .21 Using Frequency Distributions .23 Building a Frequency Distribution from a Sample .26 Building Simulated Frequency Distributions .34 2 How Values Cluster Together .37 Calculating the Mean .38 Understanding Functions, Arguments, and Results .
39 Understanding Formulas, Results, and Formats .42 Minimizing the Spread .44 Calculating the Median .49 Choosing to Use the Median .50 Static or Robust? .51 Calculating the Mode .52 Getting the Mode of Categories with a Formula .56 From Central Tendency to Variability .
63 3 Variability: How Values Disperse .65 Measuring Variability with the Range .66 Sample Size and the Range .67 Variations on the Range .69 The Concept of a Standard Deviation .70 Arranging for a Standard .71 Thinking in Terms of Standard Deviations .72 Calculating the Standard Deviation and Variance .
74 Squaring the Deviations .77 Population Parameters and Sample Statistics .78 Dividing by N ??1 .79 Bias in the Estimate and Degrees of Freedom .81 Excel''s Variability Functions .82 Standard Deviation Functions .82 Variance Functions .83 4 How Variables Move Jointly: Correlation .
85 Understanding Correlation .85 The Correlation, Calculated .87 Using the CORREL() Function .93 Using the Analysis Tools .96 Using the Correlation Tool .98 Correlation Isn''t Causation.101 Using Correlation .102 Removing the Effects of the Scale .
103 Using the Excel Function.106 Getting the Predicted Values .107 Getting the Regression Formula .109 Using TREND() for Multiple Regression .111 Combining the Predictors .111 Understanding "Best Combination" .112 Understanding Shared Variance .116 A Technical Note: Matrix Algebra and Multiple Regression in Excel .
118 5 Charting Statistics .121 Characteristics of Excel Charts .122 Chart Axes .122 Date Variables on Category Axes .123 Other Numeric Variables on a Category Axis .125 Histogram Charts .127 Using a Pivot Table to Count the Records .127 Using Advanced Filter and FREQUENCY() .
129 The Data Analysis Add-in''s Histogram .131 The Built-in Histogram .132 Data Series Addresses .133 Box-and-Whisker Plots .134 Managing Outliers .137 Diagnosing Asymmetry .137 Comparing Distributions .138 6 How Variables Classify Jointly: Contingency Tables .
139 Understanding One-Way Pivot Tables .139 Running the Statistical Test .143 Making Assumptions .148 Random Selection .148 Independent Selections .150 The Binomial Distribution Formula .150 Using the BINOM.INV() Function .
152 Understanding Two-Way Pivot Tables .158 Probabilities and Independent Events .161 Testing the Independence of Classifications .163 About Logistic Regression.168 The Yule Simpson Effect .169 Summarizing the Chi-Square Functions .171 Using CHISQ.DIST() .
171 Using CHISQ.DIST.RT() and CHIDIST() .173 Using CHISQ.INV() .174 Using CHISQ.INV.RT() and CHIINV() .
175 Using CHISQ.TEST() and CHITEST() .176 Using Mixed and Absolute References to Calculate Expected Frequencies .177 Using the Pivot Table''s Index Display .178 7 Using Excel with the Normal Distribution .181 About the Normal Distribution .181 Characteristics of the Normal Distribution .181 The Unit Normal Distribution .
186 Excel Functions for the Normal Distribution .187 The NORM.DIST( ) Function .187 The NORM.INV( ) Function .190 Confidence Intervals and the Normal Distribution .192 The Meaning of a Confidence Interval .193 Con.