ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . xiii INTRODUCTION .1 ix SECTION 1 Law and Entertainment . 7 Chapter 1 Copyright Law .9 Introduction 9 In the Beginning 9 What Works Qualify for Copyright Protection? 12 What Can''t Be Copyrighted? 15 When Does Copyright Ownership Begin, and What Do You Have to Do to Secure Copyright Ownership? 24 What Specific Rights Do Copyright Owners Receive? 25 Joint Works 30 Work for Hire 32 How Long Does Copyright Last? 33 Copyright Infringement 35 Fair Use 41 Chapter 2 Music Copyright .55 Introduction 55 Music and Copyright Law 56 Music Publishing 63 Licenses 64 Chapter 3 Copyright and Piracy.71 Introduction 71 The Betamax Case 72 Napster and Grokster 74 YouTube and the Digital Millennium Copyright Act 77 Morality and Digital Piracy 78 Chapter 4 International Copyright .83 The Berne Convention 83 Moral Rights 84 Chapter 5 First Amendment Law .

87 Introduction 87&ire 32 How Long Does Copyright Last? 33 Copyright Infringement 35 Fair Use 41 Chapter 2 Music Copyright .55 Introduction 55 Music and Copyright Law 56 Music Publishing 63 Licenses 64 Chapter 3 Copyright and Piracy.71 Introduction 71 The Betamax Case 72 Napster and Grokster 74 YouTube and the Digital Millennium Copyright Act 77 Morality and Digital Piracy 78 Chapter 4 International Copyright .83 The Berne Convention 83 Moral Rights 84 Chapter 5 First Amendment Law .87 Introduction 87&nt Law .87 Introduction 87 Entertainment and "Speech" 88 Obscenity 90 x Contents Indecent Speech 91 The Internet and Indecent Speech 93 Violence in Entertainment 94 Voluntary Censorship 96 Libel and Slander 99 Invasion of Privacy 103 Defamation and Invasion of Privacy: Life Rights Agreements 106 SECTION 2 Entertainment Companies: Growth and Power . 115 Chapter 6 The FCC and Government Regulation of the Media.117 Introduction 117 Vertical and Horizontal Integration 118 The FCC: Basics 119 The Right to Broadcast 120 FCC Media Ownership Rules: 1934-1980 121 Film Regulation: 1934-1980 123 TV and Film Regulation Since 1980 123 Regulation: Where We Are Today 126 Chapter 7 Media Growth and Ownership.

127 Introduction 127 Film: The First Few Decades 128 The Early Days of Radio and Television 132 Media Conglomeration 135 Media Ownership Today 143 The Impact of Media Conglomeration 146 Chapter 8 Unions, Agents and Managers .153 Entertainment Unions 153 Agents and Managers 163 SECTION 3 What Studios Do . 171 Chapter 9 Development .173 Choosing Ideas 173 Studio Film Development 179 Television Development 181 Some Thoughts About Development Hell 183 The End of Development 184 Which Studio Departments Manage Development? 185 Production and Post-Production: The Filmmakers Take Over 187 Chapter 10 Distribution .191 Introduction 191 The Cost of Film Distribution 191 Contents xi Distribution Strategy 193 Distribution Personnel and Activities 194 Following the Money 195 The Impact of High Distribution Costs 197 Television Distribution 199 Internet Distribution 204 Other Studio Departments 204 SECTION 4 Money and Contracts. 209 A Few Words About the Negotiating Process 210 Chapter 11 Gross and Net Proceeds.213 Introduction 213 Film Accounting: When is a Film "Profitable"? 213 Gross Proceeds and Net Proceeds 214 Chapter 12 Entertainment Contracts .227 Introduction 227 Rights Agreements: Option/Purchase Contracts 227 Agreements for Screenwriters 239 Agreements for Directors 244 Agreements for Actors 249 Agreements for Producers 252 Chapter 13 Independent Film Development, Financing, Contracts and Distribution .

263 Introduction 263 Development 263 Film Financing 264 Television Financing 268 Negotiating Contracts with Independent Filmmakers 269 Film Distribution 270 Film Finance and Distribution Deals 271 SECTION 5 Voices . 277 Chapter 14 Making It Into the Business .279 Hamilton Sterling 287 Dana Lustig 290 Maureen Tunney 293 INDEX . 297 > The FCC: Basics 119 The Right to Broadcast 120 FCC Media Ownership Rules: 1934-1980 121 Film Regulation: 1934-1980 123 TV and Film Regulation Since 1980 123 Regulation: Where We Are Today 126 Chapter 7 Media Growth and Ownership.127 Introduction 127 Film: The First Few Decades 128 The Early Days of Radio and Television 132 Media Conglomeration 135 Media Ownership Today 143 The Impact of Media Conglomeration 146 Chapter 8 Unions, Agents and Managers .153 Entertainment Unions 153 Agents and Managers 163 SECTION 3 What Studios Do . 171 Chapter 9 Development .173 Choosing Ideas 173 Studio Film Development 179 Television Development 181 Some Thoughts About Development Hell 183 The End of Development 184 Which Studio Departments Manage Development? 185 Production and Post-Production: The Filmmakers Take Over 187 Chapter 10 Distribution .

191 Introduction 191 The Cost of Film Distribution 191 Contents xi Distribution Strategy 193 Distribution Personnel and Activities 194 Following the Money 195 The Impact of High Distribution Costs 197 Television Distribution 199 Internet Distribution 204 Other Studio Departments 204 SECTION 4 Money and Contracts. 209 A Few Words About the Negotiating Process 210 Chapter 11 Gross and Net Proceeds.213 Introduction 213 Film Accounting: When is a Film "Profitable"? 213 Gross Proceeds and Net Proceeds 214 Chapter 12 Entertainment Contracts .227 Introduction 227 Rights Agreements: Option/Purchase Contracts 227 Agreements for Screenwriters 239 Agreements for Directors 244 Agreements for Actors 249 Agreements for Producers 252 Chapter 13 Independent Film Development, Financing, Contracts and Distribution .263 Introduction 263 Development 263 Film Financing 264 Television Financing 268 Negotiating Contracts with Independent Filmmakers 269 Film Distribution 270 Film Finance and Distribution Deals 271 SECTION 5 Voices . 277 Chapter 14 Making It Into the Business .279 Hamilton Sterling 287 Dana Lustig 290 Maureen Tunney 293 INDEX .