List of FiguresList of Tables General Introduction Pr''e9cis Methods and perspectives Part I. A Comprehensive Survey of Stepped Structures in the Rock Art of Upper Tibet 1. Introduction to Stepped Structures in the Rock Art of Upper Tibet Overview Chronology Locations of Upper Tibetan rock art sites with stepped structures 2. The Origins of Stepped Structures in Upper Tibet Elementary stepped structures in the literary and ethnographic records Archaic built stepped structures in the archaeological record Archaic stepped structures in the artefactual record Ancient chorten 3. Typological Illustrations and Data on Stepped Structures in Upper Tibetan Rock Art Categorisation Key to the typological inventory Group I: elementary two-tiered stepped structures (three specimens) Group III: elementary three-tiered stepped structures with a bulbous top (11 specimens) Group IV: elementary multi-tiered stepped structures (23 specimens) Group V: elementary segmented stepped structures (five specimens) Group VI: elementary stepped structures with a spatulate or inverted crescent-shaped finial (four specimens) Group VII: elementary stepped structures with a multifoliate finial (two specimens) Group VIII: elementary stepped structures with a tricuspidate finial (four specimens) Group IX: idiosyncratic elementary stepped structures (12 specimens) Group X: well-developed stepped structures with a bulbous upper stage (22 specimens) Group XI: twin stepped structures sharing a common base (three specimens) Group XII: simple-style chorten (seven specimens) Group XIII: chorten with forked finials (20 specimens) Group XIV: chorten with a cross-piece spire (15 specimens) Group XV: giant pictographic stepped structures (five specimens) Group XVI: flat-topped chorten (eighteen specimens) Group XVII: chorten with a simple spire (12 specimens) Group XVIII: intricate non-Buddhist chorten (23 specimens) Group XIX: intricate chorten of Brag-gyam (25 specimens) Group XX: Buddhist chorten (seven specimens) 4. Cross-cultural Influences Acting upon Stepped Structures in Upper Tibetan Rock Art Orientation Spiti Ladakh Northern Pakistan Mechanisms of interaction 5. Photographic Catalogue of Stepped Structures in Upper Tibetan Rock Art Group I: elementary two-tiered stepped structures Group II: elementary three-tiered stepped structures Group III: elementary three-tiered stepped structures with a bulbous top Group IV: elementary multi-tiered stepped structures Group V: elementary segmented stepped structures Group VI: elementary stepped structures with a spatulate or crescent-shaped finial Group VII: elementary stepped structures with a multifoliate finial Group VIII: elementary stepped structures with a tricuspidate finial Group IX: idiosyncratic elementary stepped structures Group X: stepped structures with a bulbous upper stage Group XI: twin stepped structures sharing a common base Group XII: simple-style chorten Group XIII: chorten with a forked finial Group XIV: chorten with a cross-piece spire Group XV: giant pictographic stepped structures Group XVI: flat-topped chorten Group XVII: chorten with a simple spire Group XVIII: intricate non-Buddhist chorten Group XIX: intricate chorten of Brag-gyam Group XX: Buddhist chorten Part II. A Comprehensive Survey of Early Rock Inscriptions in Upper Tibet 6.
Introduction to Upper Tibetan Rock Inscriptions Overview Locations of sites with rock inscriptions 7. The Archaeology and History of Upper Tibetan Rock Inscriptions The archaeological context The variable development of epigraphy on the Western Tibetan Plateau Rock inscriptions of the Vestigial period 8. Palaeographic Analysis of Upper Tibetan Rock Inscriptions Palaeographic methods of dating Palaeographic typology Early Historic period Vestigial period Physical qualities of rock inscriptions 9. A Statistical and Religious Profile of Rock Inscriptions in Upper Tibet Statistical analysis Doctrinal significance of mantras Buddhist and non-Buddhist contestation 10. Photographic Catalogue and Readings of Upper Tibetan Rock Inscriptions Introduction Note on methodological exactitude Bkra-shis-do, Gnam-mtsho Bkra-shis do-chen, Gnam-mtsho Bkra-shis- do-chung, Gnam-mtsho Other sites at Gnam-mtsho Rta-mchog ngang-pa do, Gnam-mtsho Khyi-rgan gag-pa do, Gnam-mtsho Lug do, Gnam-mtsho Ra-ma do, Gnam-mtsho Stong-shong phug, Gnam-mtsho Se-mo do, Gnam-mtsho Rigs-lnga do, Gnam-mtsho Lce do, Gnam-mtsho Other sites on the Byang-thang Lha-ris sgrub-phug, Smad-pa Slob-dpon phug, Gzhung-smad Chos-lung O-rgyan bsam-gtan-gling, Gzims-phug Rta-ra dmar-lding, Gzims-phug Chu-ro, Gzhung-smad Dar-lung phug-pa, Gzhung-smad Bshag-bsangs, Gro-ba Am-nag, Dang-ra g.yu-mtsho Do dril-bu, Bkra-ri gnam-mtsho Gu-ru rin-po-che phug, Bkra-ri gnam-mtsho Lha-khang dmar-chags, Da-rog mtsho Rdzong pi-phi, Bar-yangs Ri-rgyal, Sger-rtse Far Western Tibet Rdu-ru-can, Gu-ge Gser-sgam, Gu-ge Brag-gyam, Sgar Gong-ra, Ra-bang Skabs-ren spungs-ri, Ra-bang Chu-mkhar gyam sgrub-phug, Rdo-dmar Mchod-rten sbug sna-kha, Ra-bang Brag-gdong, Ra-bang Glog-phug mkhar, Ra-bang Rwa-brog phrang, Ra-bang Sna-kha sogs, Khul-pa Nag-skyom, Khul-pa Ri-mo gdong, Sde-rog She-rang sna-kha shar-ma, Sde-rog Ru-thog rdzong Rno-ba g.yang-rdo, O-byang Supplemental Thang-lhai rten-khang Near Gu-ru sgrub-phug Sri-gcod bum-pa, Bkra-shis do-chung Khyi-rgan gag-pa do Se-mo do, Gnam-mtsho Chos-lung O-rgyan bsam-gtan-gling, Gzims-phug Skyid-sgrom dgon-pa, Gzhung-smad Stong-shong brag-khung Gnas kun-bzang G.yung-drung lha-rtse, Dang-ra g.
yu-mtsho Dar-chung, Dang-ra g.yu-mtsho Do dril-bu, Da-rog mtsho Tham-ka-can, Rtsa-mda Rwa-brog phrang, Ra-bang Brag-gyam, Sgar Bibliography Index.