Acknowledgments Introduction Christopher B. Barrett, Michael R. Carter, and Jean-Paul Chavas I. Nutrition, Health, and Human Capital Formation 1. Human Capital and Shocks: Evidence on Education, Health, and Nutrition Elizabeth Frankenberg and Duncan Thomas 2. Poverty and Cognitive Function Emma Boswell Dean, Frank Schilbach, and Heather Schofield Comment on chapters 1 and 2 : John Hoddinott II. Psychology of Poverty, Hope, and Aspirations 3. Depression through the Lens of Economics: A Research Agenda Jonathan de Quidt and Johannes Haushofer 4.

Hope as Aspirations, Agency, and Pathways: Poverty Dynamics and Microfinance in Oaxaca, Mexico Travis J. Lybbert and Bruce Wydick Comment on chapters 3 and 4 : Rachid Laajaj III. Imperfect and Incomplete Financial Markets 5. Taking Stock of the Evidence on Microfinancial Interventions Francisco J. Buera, Joseph P. Kaboski, and Yongseok Shin 6. Poverty Traps and the Social Protection Paradox Munenobu Ikegami, Michael R. Carter, Christopher B.

Barrett, and Sarah Janzen Comment on chapters 5 and 6 : Stephen C. Smith IV. Dynamics and Resilience in Natural Resources and Agriculture 7. Heterogeneous Wealth Dynamics: On the Roles of Risk and Ability Paulo Santos and Christopher B. Barrett 8. Agroecosystem Productivity and the Dynamic Response to Shocks Jean-Paul Chavas Comment on chapters 7 and 8 : Edward B. Barbier V. Policy in the Presence of Poverty-Trap Mechanisms 9.

Sustaining Impacts When Transfers End: Women Leaders, Aspirations, and Investments in Children Karen Macours and Renos Vakis 10. Can Cash Transfers Help Households Escape an Intergenerational Poverty Trap? M. Caridad Araujo, Mariano Bosch, and Norbert Schady Comment on chapters 9 and 10 : Maitreesh Ghatak Contributors Author Index Subject Index.