List of Figures List of Tables Abbreviations Acknowledgements Chapter 1. Introduction: Understanding Putinism Studying Putinism as an ideology What Is Putinism's Ideological Identity? What Is the Meaning of Putinism? Is there popular demand for Putinism? Chapter 2. Political Thinkers of the Past in the Service of Putinism Slavophiles Anti-mimetism in the teaching of Slavophiles Populism in the ideology of Slavophiles Ivan Il'in in Contemporary Russian Regime Ideology Il'in in ideological debates today Il'in's worldview and the regime ideology Aleksandr Zinov'ev Zinov'ev's social theory Anti-Westernism and the "philosophy of war" Chapter 3. Conservatism: Brief Engagement and Transformation of the Doctrine Debates on ideology in post-Soviet Russia Conservative ideology in the 1990s Merging academic studies of conservatism and politics URP and the Regime Ideology in the 2000s Turn away from Conservatism: After 2011/12 Chapter 4. Ideological Forms of National Iterations Russian nationalism or nationalistic discourses? Civilisationism Ideology of the Russian World Diaspora as a political problem: Dealing with "Compatriots" Conceptualisation of diaspora before 2014: The Russian World project Russian World after 2014 Pan-Slavism Chapter 5. Geopolitical ideologies Greater Eurasia: Large and Central "Large space" thinking and Eurasian projects Greater Eurasia: Re-centering Russia Isolationism in geo-political thinking Geopolitical justice Chapter 6. Religious aspects of Putinism Ideology of the Russian Orthodox Church The theory of "basic values" Justice and Orthodoxy Geopolitical dimension of the "basic values" Historical unity and the ROC Russia - My History exhibition Messianism Low-cost messianism in Putin's Russia Discussions on messianism: 1990s - mid-2000s Messianism: Expansionist to isolationist Mainstream messianic politics: mid-2000s to the present Conclusion Index.