Introduction xxxi Assessment Test xli Chapter 1 Introduction to Networks 1 First Things First: What''s a Network? 3 The Local Area Network 4 Common Network Components 6 Metropolitan Area Network 9 Wide Area Network 9 Personal Area Network 10 Campus Area Network 10 Storage Area Network 10 Software-Defined Wide Area Network 11 Multiprotocol Label Switching 11 Multipoint Generic Routing Encapsulation 12 Network Architecture: Peer-to-Peer or Client-Server? 12 Physical Network Topologies 14 Bus Topology 14 Star Topology 15 Ring Topology 17 Mesh Topology 17 Point-to-Point Topology 18 Point-to-Multipoint Topology 19 Hybrid Topology 20 Topology Selection, Backbones, and Segments 21 Selecting the Right Topology 22 The Network Backbone 22 Network Segments 23 Service-Related Entry Points 23 Service Provider Links 23 Virtual Networking 24 Summary 24 Exam Essentials 25 Written Lab 25 Review Questions 26 Chapter 2 The Open Systems Interconnection Specifications 31 Internetworking Models 32 The Layered Approach 33 Advantages of Reference Models 33 The OSI Reference Model 34 The Application Layer 36 The Presentation Layer 37 The Session Layer 37 The Transport Layer 37 The Network Layer 43 The Data Link Layer 46 The Physical Layer 48 Introduction to Encapsulation 49 Modulation Techniques 50 Summary 51 Exam Essentials 51 Written Lab 52 Review Questions 53 Chapter 3 Networking Connectors and Wiring Standards 57 Physical Media 59 Coaxial Cable 60 Twisted-Pair Cable 62 Twinaxial Cable 62 Fiber-Optic Cable 66 Transceivers 71 Media Converters 72 Serial Cables 74 Cable Properties 76 Transmission Speeds 76 Distance 76 Duplex 77 Noise Immunity (Security, EMI) 77 Frequency 77 Wiring Standards 78 T568A vs. T568B 78 Straight-Through Cable 80 Crossover Cable 81 Rolled/Rollover Cable 83 T1 Crossover Cable 83 Installing Wiring Distributions 85 MDF/IDF 85 Summary 87 Exam Essentials 88 Written Lab 88 Review Questions 89 Chapter 4 The Current Ethernet Specifications 93 Network Basics 94 Ethernet Basics 96 Collision Domain 96 Broadcast Domain 97 CSMA/CD 97 Broadband/Baseband 99 Bit Rates vs. Baud Rate 99 Wavelength 99 Half-and Full-Duplex Ethernet 100 Ethernet at the Data Link Layer 102 Binary to Decimal and Hexadecimal Conversion 102 Ethernet Addressing 106 Ethernet Frames 107 Ethernet at the Physical Layer 109 Ethernet over Other Standards (IEEE 1905.1-2013) 115 Ethernet over Power Line 115 Ethernet over HDMI 117 Bidirectional Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (WDM) 117 Course Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (CWDM) 117 Dense Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (DWDM) 117 Summary 118 Exam Essentials 119 Written Lab 119 Review Questions 124 Chapter 5 Networking Devices 129 Common Network Connectivity Devices 132 Network Interface Card 133 Hub 135 Bridge 135 Switch 136 Router 137 Firewall 141 IDS/IPS 142 HIDS 142 Access Point 142 Wireless Range Extender 143 Wireless LAN Controller 143 Load Balancer 144 Contention Methods 144 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Server 147 IPAM 152 Other Specialized Devices 152 Multilayer Switch 153 Domain Name Service Server 153 Network Time Protocol 160 Proxy Server 160 Encryption and Content Filtering 162 Analog Modem 163 Packet Shaper 164 VPN Concentrator/Headend 164 Media Converter 165 VoIP PBX 165 VoIP Endpoint 166 NGFW/Layer 7 Firewall 166 VoIP Gateway 166 Cable Modem 166 DSL Modem 166 Networked Devices 167 VoIP Phones 167 Printers 167 Physical Access Control Devices 167 Cameras 167 Heating Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Sensors 167 Internet of Things (IoT) 168 Industrial Control Systems 168 Planning and Implementing a Basic SOHO Network Using Network Segmentation 168 Determining Requirements 169 Switches and Bridges at the Data Link Layer 175 Hubs at the Physical Layer 177 Environmental Considerations 178 Summary 178 Exam Essentials 179 Written Lab 180 Review Questions 181 Chapter 6 Introduction to the Internet Protocol 185 Introducing TCP/IP 188 A Brief History of TCP/IP 188 TCP/IP and the DoD Model 189 The Process/Application Layer Protocols 191 The Host-to-Host Layer Protocols 204 The Internet Layer Protocols 210 Data Encapsulation 220 Summary 224 Exam Essentials 224 Written Lab 225 Review Questions 226 Chapter 7 IP Addressing 231 IP Terminology 233 The Hierarchical IP Addressing Scheme 234 Network Addressing 235 Private IP Addresses (RFC 1918) 239 IPv4 Address Types 241 Layer 2 Broadcasts 242 Layer 3 Broadcasts 242 Unicast Address 243 Multicast Address (Class D) 243 Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) 243 Why Do We Need IPv6? 244 The Benefits of and Uses for IPv6 244 IPv6 Addressing and Expressions 246 Shortened Expression 246 Address Types 247 Special Addresses 248 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC) 249 DHCPv6 (Stateful) 251 Migrating to IPv6 251 Summary 253 Exam Essentials 254 Written Labs 255 Written Lab 7.1 255 Written Lab 7.2 255 Review Questions 257 Chapter 8 IP Subnetting, Troubleshooting IP, and Introduction to NAT 261 Subnetting Basics 263 How to Create Subnets 264 Subnet Masks 265 Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) 266 Subnetting Class C Addresses 268 Subnetting Class B Addresses 278 Troubleshooting IP Addressing 286 Determining IP Address Problems 289 Introduction to Network Address Translation (NAT) 294 Types of Network Address Translation 295 NAT Names 295 How NAT Works 296 Summary 298 Exam Essentials 298 Written Lab 299 Review Questions 300 Chapter 9 Introduction to IP Routing 305 Routing Basics 306 The IP Routing Process 309 Testing Your IP Routing Understanding 315 Static and Dynamic Routing 316 Summary 319 Exam Essentials 319 Written Lab 320 Review Questions 321 Chapter 10 Routing Protocols 325 Routing Protocol Basics 326 Administrative Distances 327 Classes of Routing Protocols 329 Distance-Vector Routing Protocols 330 Routing Information Protocol (RIP) 332 RIP Version 2 (RIPv2) 332 VLSMs and Discontiguous Networks 333 EIGRP 336 Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) 338 Link-State Routing Protocols 340 Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) 340 Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS) 343 High Availability 344 Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) 346 Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol 350 Advanced IPv6 Concepts 351 Router Advertisement 351 Neighbor Discovery Protocol 353 Tunneling 354 Dual Stack 357 IPv6 Routing Protocols 357 RIPng 358 EIGRPv6 358 OSPFv3 359 Summary 359 Exam Essentials 359 Written Lab 360 Review Questions 361 Chapter 11 Switching and Virtual LANs 365 Networking Before Layer 2 Switching 367 Switching Services 370 Limitations of Layer 2 Switching 371 Bridging vs. LAN Switching 372 Three Switch Functions at Layer 2 372 Distributed Switching 378 Spanning Tree Protocol 378 Spanning Tree Port States 379 STP Convergence 380 Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol 802.1w 381 Virtual LANs 382 VLAN Basics 383 Quality of Service 386 VLAN Memberships 387 Static VLANs 387 Dynamic VLANs 388 Identifying VLANs 388 VLAN Identification Methods 390 VLAN Trunking Protocol 392 VTP Modes of Operation 393 Do We Really Need to Put an IP Address on a Switch? 394 Switch Port Protection 396 Port Bonding 399 Device Hardening 401 Two Additional Advanced Features of Switches 401 Power over Ethernet (802.

3af, 802.3at) 401 Port Mirroring/Spanning (SPAN/RSPAN) 404 Summary 405 Exam Essentials 406 Written Lab 406 Review Questions 408 Chapter 12 Wireless Networking 413 Introduction to Wireless Technology 415 Cellular Technologies 418 The 802.11 Standards (Regulatory Impacts) 419 2.4 GHz (802.11b) 421 2.4 GHz (802.11g) 422 5 GHz (802.11a) 423 5 GHz (802.

11h) 424 2.4 GHz/5 GHz (802.11n) 425 5 GHz (802.11ac) 426 WiFi 6 (802.11ax) 426 Comparing 802.11 Standards 427 Range and Speed Comparisons 428 Wireless Network Components 428 Wireless Access Points 429 Wireless Network Interface Card 430 Wireless Antennas 431 Installing a Wireless Network 432 Ad Hoc Mode: Independent Basic Service Set 43.